高川;周俞余;郭旭芳;何仲;
GAO Chuan;ZHOU Yuyu;GUO Xufang;HE Zhong;School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College;

• 1:中国医学科学院北京协和医学院人文和社会科学学院

摘要(Abstract)：

医学人文经历了蓬勃发展的100年,其内涵不断丰富,研究方向不断拓展,为医学教育提供了巨大帮助。本文从医学人文的定义出发,梳理医学人文近100年来的学科发展史,重点回顾医学史、生命伦理学、医学人类学和叙事医学的发展历程,并通过分析医学人文运动背后的原因,阐述中国医学人文未来发展要求,以期促进我国医学人文领域开展更深入的研究与教育。
Medical humanities have experienced vigorous development in the past 100 years. Its connotation and research direction have been continuously enriched, and it has provided great help for medical education. This paper reviewed the development history of medical humanities in the past 100 years, focusing on the history of medicine, bioethics, medical anthropology and narrative medicine. At the same time, this paper analyzed the reasons behind the movements of medical humanities, and on this basis, expounded the requirements of future development of medical humanities in China, so as to promote the research and education of medical humanities in China.

关键词(KeyWords)： 医学人文;交叉学科群;发展历史;发展方向
medical humanities;interdisciplinary group;development history;development direction

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中央高校捐赠配比资金-师生心理健康与人际沟通能力建设研究（WH10022021064）~~

作者(Authors): 高川;周俞余;郭旭芳;何仲;
GAO Chuan;ZHOU Yuyu;GUO Xufang;HE Zhong;School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College;

参考文献(References)：

• [1] Evans M,Greaves D.Exploring the medical humanities[J].BMJ,1999,319:1216.
• [2] 张大庆.医学人文学的三次浪潮[J].医学与哲学，2015,36:31- 35,62.Zhang DQ.Three Waves of Medical Humanities[J].Yixue Yu Zhexue,2015,36:31- 35,62.
• [3] Mangione S,Kahn MJ.The old humanities and the new science at 100:Osler's enduring message[J].Cleve Clin J Med,2019,86:232- 235.
• [4] Steudel J.Medical history in German medical education[J].Med Hist,1970,14:202- 207.
• [5] Cook HJ.Borderlands:a historian's perspective on medical humanities in the US and the UK[J].Med Humanit,2010,36:3.
• [6] 高建红.12—16世纪西欧的医生——一项医疗社会史的研究 [D].上海：复旦大学，2011.
• [7] Beecher HK.Ethics and Clinical Research[J].N Engl J Med,1966,274:1354- 1360.
• [8] Martensen R.The History of Bioethics:An Essay Review[J].J Hist Med Allied Sci,2001,56:168- 175.
• [9] 戴维·J·罗思曼.病床边的陌生人：法律与生命伦理学塑造医学决策的历史[M].潘驿炜，译.北京：中国社会科学出版社，2020.
• [10] 左伋.医学人类学 [M].上海：复旦大学出版社，2020.
• [11] 潘天舒.人类学家凯博文：医学人类学的“克莱曼范式革命”[J].广西民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017,39:1.
• [12] Charon R.Literature and Medicine:Origins and Destinies[J].Acad Med,2000,75:23- 27.
• [13] Charon R.Narrative Medicine:A Model for Empathy,Reflection,Profession,and Trust[J].JAMA,2001,286:1897- 1902.
• [14] 李振良，李肖峰.医学人文精神缺失的认识根源[J].医学与哲学，2010,31:24- 25,30.Li ZL,Li XF.On the Cognitive Root of the Losing of Medical Humanities Spirit[J].Yixue Yu Zhexue,2010,31:24- 25,30.
• [15] Macnaughton J.Medical humanities' challenge to medicine[J].J Eval Clin Pract,2011,17:927- 932.
• [16] Cooke M,Irby DM,Sullivan W,et al.American Medical Education 100 Years after the Flexner Report[J].N Engl J Med,2006,355:1339- 1344.
• [17] Engel GL.The need for a new medical model:a challenge for biomedicine[J].Science,1977,196:129- 136.
• [18] Crawford P,Brown B,Tischler V,et al.Health humanities:the future of medical humanities?[J].MHRJ,2010,15:4- 10.
• [19] 郑英花，赵海燕，孔祥金.医学研究生对医学人文教育认知的调查研究[J].医学与哲学，2016,37:81- 84.Zheng YH,Zhao HY,Kong XJ.A Survey on the Medical Graduates's Perception of Medical Humanitic Education[J].Yixue Yu Zhexue,2016,37:81- 84.
• [20] 加强医学研究生人文教育的若干意见[J].医学与哲学，2015,36:8- 10.Opinions on Strengthening Humanities Education for Medical Postgraduates[J].Yixue Yu Zhexue,2015,36:8- 10.